How often do you have a chance encounter with a person who is innately savvy with money? Not so often, right?
Personal finance is not exactly a part of the school’s curriculum. This is why you must be open to discussing about proper money management. No matter how embarrassed you may feel, here are some questions that many Singaporeans are eager to know.
#1: HOW CAN I MAXIMIZE MY SAVINGS DESPITE LIVING FROM PAYCHECK TO PAYCHECK?
Tackling the overwhelming bills and loans can make you unenthusiastic about saving money. You see, it is difficult to save money if you are barely living from paycheck to paycheck. The solution could be found in the way you spend.
Notice how you allocate your monthly budget and look for ways to downsize your purchases. You may focus on entertainment costs such as limiting your restaurant dining. Strategically planning your spending habits will help you to increase your savings.
#2: WHICH FUND SHOULD YOU SET FIRST: RETIREMENT OR EMERGENCY?
Financial security places a heavy weight on both the emergency and the retirement fund. The former aims to protect you against unexpected events in the immediate future. While, the latter will cover your expenses in the golden years. Stop choosing between these two! Cultivate varying amounts in your emergency and retirement fund simultaneously.
Once you are done with setting up a sufficient emergency fund, you can start stretching out your contribution for your CPF OA.
#3: WHY WAS MY PLASTIC CARD DECLINED?
There is nothing worse than having a sales clerk or a waiter tell you that your credit or debit card has been declined. I can only imagine the horror on the client’s face as this happened to me before. Several years ago, I was working as an administrative officer at a fitness studio. A rising Hollywood celebrity came to pay but her credit cards got declined. She was furious at me and gave her debit card instead. Thankfully, the transaction was successful. I must highlight that she is using plastic cards from international institutions.
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Why did this happen to the rising starlet? Well, it may be due to the bank’s security measures. Purchases made far from your home may seem like red flags to your issuer. So, call your bank or issuer right away and authorize the transactions. Handle this situation better by keeping your cool. Talk to the personnel privately and arrange an alternative form of payment such as going to the nearest Automated Teller Machine (ATM) to withdraw cash.
#4: HOW DO I TELL MY PARTNER ABOUT MY OUTSTANDING DEBT?
Telling your partner or future spouse about your outstanding debt fuels anxiety, but you must simply do it. Schedule an open discussion with your beloved. Explain the gravity of the situation and the events that led up to it. Highlight what you learned from your past mistakes and show how you can conquer your debt.
Do not forget to include your partner in the planning process.
#5: WHEN SHALL I STOP ADDING INTO MY SAVINGS ACCOUNT?
As a conservative adult, you had exhausted all your contributions for your future. Congratulations on meeting your short-term financial goals too! Now, you may wonder if you are putting too much on your savings account.
Limiting yourself to a savings account makes you miss the opportunities of growing your wealth to its fullest potential. Consider opening an investment account once your emergency fund, retirement fund, and living expenses are in order. You may even schedule a consultation from a financial expert.
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It is rare to encounter a person who is innately financially savvy. So, serve as a good example to other Singaporeans by raising important money discussions.
You are a responsible adult living in the most expensive city in the world. With this in mind, how much money should you have in your savings account? This may sound like a basic financial query, but it is hard to extract a straight answer from it. Make things simple by aligning your goals with the volume of your savings.
Here are just some goals that you may tap with:
GOAL #1: BUILDING A SAFE NEST FOR THE GOLDEN YEARS
To shed a light to the path of many Singaporean retirees, a social security savings plan has been put into place. This savings plan is none other than the comprehensive Central Provident Fund (CPF). You can use your CPF Ordinary Savings account for important purposes such as purchasing an HDB flat or financing your retirement years.
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The amount of your retirement fund must be based on your estimated future spending or your predicted lifestyle. This is why it is challenging to quantify a singular retirement fund. It is best to save on a regular basis with the knowledge that all will add up as you age. For instance, many financial experts recommend to save at least “10% to 15% of your income for retirement as early as your 20s“.
GOAL #2: ESTABLISHING A REALISTIC EMERGENCY CUSHION
As the name suggests, an emergency fund is established to cushion unforeseen events. There are many ways to arrive at a specific amount for an emergency fund. First, you may follow the advice of the renowned Personal Finance Adviser Suze Orman. She suggests to have eight months’ worth of your salary because it is the average period before a person finds a job.
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Second, you may save up a five-figure emergency fund in an investment account with relatively safe allocations in order for it to grow. Doing so will allow you to save more money than by leaving your cash in a savings account.
Lastly, you may save up based on your living expenses. Add up the cost of all your current essentials (i.e., rent, grocery, and utilities) and work from there. For example, you need S$2,000 per month to survive. Prioritize getting about S$6,000 in your emergency fund.
GOAL #3: CONQUERING SHORT-TERM VICTORIES
In a list of financial priorities, chances are, your specific goals reside at the bottom. Specific goals include purchasing a car, backpacking around Europe, and buying a new phone. Do not limit your savings just to suit your specific goals.
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Remember that starting your savings is the initial step and that you must plan to raise it over time.
It is not unheard of for Singaporean children to take care of their aging parents. This is partly due to our unwavering Asian culture of familial unity. We even have a legislation for it! Protected by the Maintenance of Parents Act, senior citizens who are unable to sustain their lifestyle can apply to the court in order for their children to provide a monthly allowance.
More than just a social obligation, there are four steps to begin a retirement plan for your parents.
#1: ANALYZE THEIR CURRENT FINANCIAL SITUATION
You must understand the overall financial circumstance that your parents are in. Are your parents’ CPF balances enough to sustain them for the years to come? Know whether they have a maturing savings account or an efficient estate plan. Compare these assets to their outstanding debts and other liabilities.
What led to the poor management of their golden nest? This means that you have to figure out their financial mistakes and help them to avoid these in the future. I have to admit that some setbacks are due to factors that are beyond their control (e.g., layoffs due to recession).
An open discussion is necessary.
Take all these into careful consideration while deciding how much support they will need from you to retire comfortably.
#2: DETERMINE THE EXACT TIMELINE
Determine when your parents intend to retire. Retiring at 50 sounds pleasant, but can your parents sustain their desired lifestyle for the next 30 years or so? You have to be realistic!
Some Singaporeans prefer to work on a full-time or a part-time basis as they go beyond the retirement age (i.e., aged 62 is the minimum according to the Retirement and Re-employment Act). Knowing exactly when the income stream will cease will provide you a rough idea of how much time you have to grow your wealth.
#3: PREPARE YOUR FINANCES
Preparing your finances goes hand in hand with the second bullet. It is a cooperative effort between you and your parents. You must highlight that they have to play an active part in the entire journey.
As long as you can afford to do so, you can set up their endowment plan. This is a prudent decision that will allow you to reap a beneficial compound interest in a span of a decade. This amount may supplement their CPF balances.
Moreover, preparation shall not be limited to the financial wealth. You can also focus on your parents’ wellbeing. Improving their physical health can reduce the risk of serious diseases. Enroll your parents to dietary programs, studio memberships, or wellness facility.
For instance, NTUC Health’s SilverCOVE at Marsiling Heights allows its members to enjoy an integrated senior wellness facility. SilverCOVE fuses social activities with lifelong learning initiatives with their gym facilities, TCM services, and more. The price for two people is about S$480 per year.
#4: DIVIDE THE RESPONSIBILITY
Raising a child is hard work, but taking care of your aging parents is no walk in the park either. Divide this responsibility between your siblings. Doing so will not only maintain fairness, but it will also reduce the financial risks of your parents. Say you are the sole provider of your family…picture what will happen to your parents if you suddenly lose your job. It is a gloomy sight!
For your younger brother who recently transitioned to the working scene, he can take on the weekly utility bills. For your sister who has a higher position in the company, she can help out with a portion of the mortgage repayments. Come into a mutual agreement during your discussion.
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The best time to help your parents is now. Consider speaking to a financial adviser to ensure that your parents can retire comfortably and peacefully.
Anyone who takes part in trade and business is chargeable with tax. It is known that tax rates in Singapore are relatively lower compared to other countries in the world, making it more attractive for individuals and corporations to participate in some form of exchange in business.
Despite the relatively lower tax rates, no one entirely enjoys the act of filing for taxes! This is why you must employ creative ways to save on your next income tax. Consider these suggestions:
1. TAKE PART IN SUPPLEMENTARY RETIREMENT SCHEME
The Supplementary Retirement Scheme (SRS) is part of the government’s financial strategy to help Singaporeans increase their saving as they age. It is a type of retirement savings scheme that is voluntary, where anyone who has an SRS account may contribute any amount they want, which is still subject to a cap. The maximum contribution is capped at S$15,300 in 2016, a slight increase of S$2,550 from last year’s cap.
The more you save for your retirement using the SRS, the less you pay for your income tax. That being said, two apparent benefits are seen when contributing to SRS. The first being, for every dollar contributed to your account, taxable income will be reduced by a dollar. The second being, 50% of your SRS savings will not be taxed. Additionally, you are eligible to spread your withdrawals over a 10-year period.
2. HIT TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE
Fulfill your duty as a steward of goodwill and your duty as a responsible citizen by donating in accredited institutions. Several forms of donation are claimable. The following types of donations will qualify you for a double tax deduction (twice the amount of the donation):
a. Cash Donations
b. Shares Donations
c. Computer Donations
d. Artefact Donations
e. Public Art Tax Incentive Scheme
f. Land and Building Donations
For instance, a donation to the Singapore museums that have obtained the Approved Museum Status with the National Heritage Board is tax deductible.
If you are interested in increasing not only your retirement savings but also the retirement savings of your loved ones, you might want to consider the CPF Retirement Sum Topping-Up Scheme.
You will be entitled to a dollar-for-dollar tax relief at a maximum of S$14,000 per annum. This entails a cap of S$7,000 for the individual and another S$7,000 for the family members (T&Cs apply).
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Paying income tax can be painful to your wallet. This is why you must take advantage of the many ways to claim tax relief or rebates.
Some Chinese parents that are steeped in Confucian values often see their children as the main source of retirement funds. This can be a stressful burden to carry, especially if you are a young adult struggling with multiple financial commitments. Therefore, I have devoted a considerable amount of time learning how to grow my parents’ retirement funds and minimise household expenses. So here are 4 ways that your parents can also grow their retirement savings.
Minimise Expenses Via Various Senior Citizen Perks
Image Credit: NTUC FairPrice
For a start, I examined how my parents can reduce their household expenditure. For instance, I recently learnt that NTUC FairPrice offers 3% discount to Pioneer Generation members every Monday. If your parents are not Pioneer Generation members, fret not as those over 60 years old enjoy a 2% discount every Tuesday as well. Similarly, if your parents are over 60 years old, they can also apply for senior citizen concession travel cards. This will entitle them to significant discounts on public transport compared to a usual adult fare card. These are all schemes that my mother can tap on from next year onwards.
For Singaporeans aged over 65, do not overlook the outstanding benefits that come with the Pioneer Generation Package. Amongst the various benefits, it provides subsidised medical and dental services at CHAS participating clinics. These subsidies should help to alleviate healthcare costs. If your parents are not aware of these schemes, you may like to inform and even assist them in the application of these concession cards. A little savings here and there will ultimately add up and go a long way to reduce the household’s daily expenses.
Grow Their Retirement Funds By Leaving Monies in their CPF Accounts
Ask any Singaporean or Permanent Resident and they will tell you that age 55 is a significant milestone in their lives. It is not so much about celebrating yet another year in their lives, but rather, it marks the day where they can dip their hands into the pot of gold that they have painstakingly built up during their working years. Yes, I am referring to the CPF. At age 55, CPF members can withdraw:
up to $5,000, or any balance in their Ordinary and Special Account savings above the Full Retirement Sum[1] (‘FRS’), whichever is higher; and
any Retirement Account savings (excludes any top-up monies, government grants, and interest earned) above the Basic Retirement Sum (‘BRS’) if accompanied by a sufficient property charge or For more information, please refer to CPF’s website.
The temptation is indeed great, but do pause for a second and have your parents assess whether they truly need the money at that juncture.
If your parents are over age 55, choosing to leave their monies in CPF ensures that:
They enjoy an additional 1% interest on the first $30,000 in their combined CPF balances. This is on top of the prevailing Retirement Account interest rate of 4% and the additional 1% interest on the first $60,000 of combined CPF balances applicable to all CPF members. This easily beats any existing interest rate offered by commercial banks. Moreover, the principal and interest are guaranteed by the government, a rock solid triple AAA rated institution.
Even if they do not withdraw any amount at 55 years old, they can still do so anytime later. Therefore, there is no hurry to decide on the withdrawal of excess funds.
Furthermore, your parents also have the option to start their CPF LIFE payouts later, up to age 70[2]. For each year deferred, their CPF LIFE monthly payouts may increase up to 7%,guaranteeing them a larger monthly payout thereafter. Therefore, if your parents are gainfully employed at that juncture, it may be a superior proposition to leave their monies with the CPF.
A good example would be my father- in-law. He turned 55 recently but chose not to withdraw the excess sum after setting aside the FRS. He realised that he would earn an interest rate that is higher than if he were to leave the excess sum under the fixed deposit schemes offered by commercial banks. This is a very prudent decision that will add to his retirement funds.
Grow Their Retirement Funds With Silver Housing Bonus
Some retiring parents face the problem of being cash-poor but asset-rich. They have insufficient retirement funds but may own a property that has appreciated substantially in capital value. The government has introduced the Silver Housing Bonus to incentivise this group of people to unlock the value of their property and to ensure members have a lifelong income. It was introduced to help lower-income elderly households supplement their retirement funds when they “right-size” their flats. Eligible households can receive up to $20,000 cash bonus when the net sales proceeds are used to top up the CPF Retirement Account.
This policy is an attractive option for parents whose children have all left the nest and gone on to set up their respective homes. The need for a big house no longer exists. Therefore, it may be a practical option to downgrade to a smaller house in order to receive the $20,000 cash bonus from Silver Housing Bonus, as well as save on utilities, maintenance and conservancy fees at the same time.
For those who are not keen to “right-size” their flats out of sentimental value, there is another way to unlock the value of their property. By participating in the Lease Buyback Scheme, your parents can receive a stream of income to add to their retirement funds while continuing to stay in the property.
Claim Tax Relief Via The Retirement Sum Topping-Up Scheme (‘RSTU’)
For young adults who have been giving their parents a monthly cash stipend, do consider utilising the CPF Retirement Sum Topping-Up Scheme (‘RSTU’) instead. That is because you may be eligible to receive tax relief and reduce your income tax expense. Do note that the amount of tax relief that you enjoy is the amount of cash that you have contributed to your parents’ Special Accounts or Retirement Accounts (for parents above 55 year old), capped at S$7,000 per annum. This tax relief is applicable only if your recipient’s Retirement Account has not exceeded the current FRS. Cash top-ups beyond the current Full Retirement Sum will not be eligible for tax relief.
Therefore, by depositing cash into your parents’ CPF accounts via the RSTU, you fulfill your duty as a filial child and also receive tax relief! That is killing 2 birds with one stone.
In all honesty, I confess that this is a difficult suggestion to broach. Most parents of that generation still prefer to see cold hard cash as part of their retirement funds. To bridge this gap, you may try to argue that:
If they have no urgent need for the monthly stipend that you are giving, contributing directly into their CPF accounts earns higher interest rates than what commercial banks give.
They can still withdraw up to S$5,000 from their CPF accounts from age 55.
They will be getting higher lifelong monthly income once they start their CPF LIFE payouts.
While the aforementioned all appear to be very objective advantages, my parents remain unconvinced till this day. That is because emotions often play a stronger role in their perspectives of money. For instance, my father sleeps more soundly if his pillow, rather than his CPF, is padded with his retirement funds. But I will continue to nag and hopefully my parents will switch sides one day. Talk about role reversal!
Conclusion
Despite the various ways to grow the retirement funds and minimise household expenses, you may have come to notice that my family and my wife’s family are at different ends of the spectrum. My father-in-law uses his financial literacy to take advantage of the various schemes available in CPF to grow the household’s retirement funds. On the other hand, I am doing my utmost to help my parents play “catch-up” in terms of retirement readiness. But as they say, better late than never.
