Mutual funds are investments that gather the investors’ money into a pool to make multiple types of investments, known as the portfolio.
Professional money or investment managers, who invest the fund’s capital and attempt to produce capital gains for its investors, operate the mutual funds.
The investment manager’s compensation relies on how well the fund performs. In this way, you can be assured that they will work hard to make sure the fund grows well.
Image Credits: Steve Jurvetson via Flickr
As a mutual fund investor, you become a “shareholder” of the mutual fund company. When there are profits you will earn dividends. When there are losses, your shares will decrease in value.
Mutual funds are diversified or are made up of different investments to lower the risk of loss.
Advantages of Mutual Funds
1. Mutual Funds give small investors the access to professionally manage, diversified portfolios of equities, bonds and so on. This is difficult and nearly impossible to create with a small about of money.
2. Each shareholder participates proportionally in the gain or loss of the funds.
3. The experts handle your money professionally…so even if you have little knowledge on stocks, you may learn as time goes.
Three Categories of Mutual Funds
1. EQUITY FUNDS. Equity funds are made up of common stock investments alone. Although this can be riskier, this can earn more money than other types of funds.
2. FIXED-INCOME FUNDS. Fixed-income funds are made up of government and corporate securities. Since the government and corporate securities provide fixed return, the risk of the investments are low.
3. BALANCED FUNDS. Balanced funds combine both stocks and bonds in the investment. It offers a moderate to low risk. So before investing to mutual funds, you will have decide how much risk you are willing to take.
It is the beginning of a new journey entitled “2015”. There is a long way ahead and the worst is behind us. The future looks so much brighter! As you lay out your plans for the New Year, why don’t you take on the important goal of saving money?
Here are 5 Money Saving Tips from the Experts…
1. GET POSITIVE MOTIVATION FROM FRIENDS AND FAMILY
Bob Weinschenk, the CEO of “SmartyPig.com”, believes that saving money is a group activity in many cultures. By sharing your financial goals to your trusted partner, family or friends, they can be able to support you and even donate a few bucks. Having someone by your side that share the same goal will surely motivate you to continue this positive saving behavior.
Image Credits: Ken Teegardin via Flickr
2. TAKE THE SHOPPING DEALS ONLY IF YOU NEED THE PRODUCT
Donna Freedman, a writer for “Get Rich Slowly” and “Money Talk News”, said, “Coupons plus sales can easily tempt you to buy something you don’t truly need”. Do you really need to buy a bulk of toothpaste just because you have coupons and vouchers for it? Simply, when you see an item on sale think deeply if you will purchase that item on its original price.
3. LIVE WITHIN YOUR MEANS
Purchase within your means by balancing what you need and what you want.
Miranda Marquit, the founder of “Planting Money Seeds”, highlights that by knowing that you have enough purchasing power may turn into comfortable spending without keeping the best options for your finances. So, just because you can afford something, does not mean that you should buy it.
4. THINK TWICE WHEN BUYING PERISHABLE GOODS IN BULK
Jeff Yeager, the author and host of “The Cheap Life”, said “it’s not a good deal if it goes bad before you use it”.
This is why he stresses the importance of making a shopping list and sticking to it.
5. LASTLY, LEAVE YOUR CREDIT CARDS IN THE HOUSE
Stacy Johnson, the President of “Moneytalksnews.com”, said, “we’re more likely to overspend with pieces of plastic than real money”. Personally, when I shop, I only carry cash that I am willing to spend so I won’t go over budget. This prevents impulse buys.
It is just like the eternal question every year again – what stocks to buy and what to ignore. The question is simple, but the answer is somewhat complex, as there isn’t any easy and straightforward way to respond to it. Investors can choose however different strategies. Like every year there are always certain companies that will grow no matter what the state of the economy does. These rather save investments are perhaps one of the best strategies to follow. But there are also sectors and industries that will be particularly flourishing in 2015.
Certain stocks have been climbing for four years in a row. Better judgement might suggest that there is an end to it. However, certain companies are simply not giving in. Furthermore, the December sell-off is the perfect opportunity for investors to enter the game. Companies like Apple (APPL) have been trending and created nothing but revenue for investors. The Apple stock has generated profits for five consecutive years and there isn’t any indication that 2015 will be different. The reputation of the company’s iOS operating system is better than ever and iPhones are leading the smartphone market. Apple appears to be a no-brainer.
The same holds for other IT stocks. The social media platform Facebook (FB) has enjoyed a 40% increase in the last year alone. Instagram, which is part of Facebook Inc., just reached 300 million active users and is said to have a vast potential for growth. With potential video ads launching on Instgram this year, the Facebook stock is set to climb further. Next to Apple and Facebook stands another giant, which has similar prospects – Google (GOOGL). The market share of the company is beyond belief and easily surpasses the ones of the competitors. No matter whether mobile phone market, online search or services and applications – the sails are set into one direction. Investing in any of these IT brands could be a risky undertaking considering their extremely long runs up the market ladder, but they are clearly not finished yet. Therefore, any of them should be a save investment for 2015.
However, these are not the only stocks, which are predicted to go up. Many other information technology stocks are said to behave similarly. Even the famous heavyweight Goldman says that investment in this sector will bring favourable profits. The growth predictions for this particular industry are set around 9%. This will ensure decent returns for shareholders.
Another investment tip given by many important financial institutes are the big global stock market indices. At least within the first half of 2015 the major indices are expected to grow. Especially the S&P 500, the American stock market index, is according to the forecast of the financial institute Goldman Sachs continuing to increase in value. Since the crash in 2009, the index has doubled in points and even climbed over the value it has had before the crash. Analysts calculate with at least another 5% increase in the first few months of 2015. Also the TOPIX, the Tokyo Stock Price Index, is on an upward spiral and estimated to be even steeper than the American index. Although the Japanese economy has suffered various setbacks in the last years, the predictions for the second most important Japanese stock market index are positive.
Investments not to make are material stocks. As the Chinese economy is experiencing stagnation, the demand for raw materials is going back. The stocks have increased in the last years, however the prediction for 2015 is dim. Most likely the stocks fall deep before they will increase and stabilise again. One should wait until they fall though. The moment when they will fall is unclear, but the fall itself is almost certain. Once the material stocks have considerably decreased, one should consider investing again.
No matter whether coal, oil or base metal – the price is weak. The oil price hit a five-year low and the coal price even went below its 10-year average. The wheels of the commodity super-cycle seem to be stuck in the sand. With oil and coal having increased up to a ten-fold in the last 15 years, the growth has been cut. China and other emerging nations had been responsible for a massive demand of materials. However, slow economies and decreased demand, especially in China, are now creating the halt.
Although major economies, such as Russia and China, are slowing down for different reasons, the Asian market is expected to grow in 2015. The emerging markets of China and India as well as South Korea and Indonesia are not to be underestimated in the next twelve months. Reforms and different policy chances have reduced bureaucracy and enable so economic growth. Furthermore, through policy changes unproductive and ineffective industries and sectors will be more exposed to the order and self-regulation of the markets. One of the best performers of the Asian markets in 2014 was the Deutsche X-Trackers Harvest CSI 300 China (ASHR), which increased by 47%. The steep trend increased especially in the last two months of the year and is therefore a top contender to watch and invest in for the first few months of the New Year.
While still in trouble is 2013, India and Indonesia have stabilised their currencies in 2014, while Korea, Taiwan and Singapore had suffered compared to the US dollar. This however has helped India and Indonesia to push reforms and growth their own markets. The Indonesian iShares MSCI Indonesia ETF (EIDO) grew by over 21% and the Wisdom Tree India Earnings Fund (EPI) could improve by more than 27%. Both of them can be interesting for investors in the next six months. Although both experience occasional setbacks, one could consider them as a long-term investment, as their potential growth could be up to 20% for the next two years.
In general 2015 isn’t looking bad at all. The US market as well as different Asian markets, such as the Indian and Indonesian markets, are expected to grow further, although some have already been growing too long in the opinion of some analysts. Investing in information technology stocks will be the safest bet though.
Income tax filing day are just months away and i know you hate the reminder.
Even while i’m here writing this – you would have paid for your dinner that comes with a Good and Services Tax, leaving you 17% of the cost of the meal poorer.
You may also have to pay for the property or road tax that are due.
For those that smoke and drink, thanks for the additional contribution of excise duties and tobacco tax. And for once, we are proud of you.
For the rest, i can fully understand your resentment as no one likes to fork out extra money from their own pocket for something they cannot feel or touch.
Some of you may fret because you don’t know what exactly you are paying for and what the government is going to do with the taxes collected.
Here is the breakdown for the second quarter of 2014:
(Source: Economic Survey of Singapore, 2nd quarter of 2014)
As you can see above, most of the tax revenues are spent on social development and security purposes.
Taxes are necessary for the development of an economy of a country. Without taxes, you would still be living in the kampong your parents lived in and there is no SMRT or Uber but only Rickshaw Pte Ltd.
I like to pay taxes. With them, I buy civilization. – Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr
At least in a country with the least corrupt government, you are assured that ultimately the money will come back to benefit us in other ways.
Let’s take a look at how most of the funds are spent and why you should love paying taxes:
Building the ‘Great Wall’ of Singapore
(Image credit: asiaone.com)
In tiny Singapore with limited land and resources, what we have to defend ourself is to build a strong military force to be reckoned with. Defence spending has been steady and amounts to billion of dollar each year. So the next time you grunt over your income taxes, make yourself feel better to know that the money goes into the next Leopard tanks or a Next-gen fighter jet that defends you in a place you call home.
Live as long as the Japanese
(Image credit: seniorsworldchronicle.com)
Japan has the most centenarians and that’s probably due to having one of the best healthcare system in the world. No doubt, Singapore also has one of the best quality healthcare system and Finance Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam has said that healthcare spending will hit S$12b by 2020 in Budget 2014.
There is no such thing as free and cheap healthcare system anywhere in the world, because the public ends up paying for it, either through taxes or hefty insurance premiums.
Perhaps it’s time to substitute your Char Kway Teow and Mee Goreng with seaweed and sashimi? Stop drinking your Starbucks or Coca-Cola, drink Matcha.
Cultivate more Albert Einsteins
(Image credit: ST)
Next on the list of government expenditure is education spending. As the government spend more money building schools and training teachers, don’t you feel proud when Singaporeans are ranked the most intelligent in the world with a IQ score of 108% by British psychologist Richard Lynn and Finnish political scientist Tatu Vananen. Singapore has always top the ranks in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and who say we can’t produce Albert Einsteins of our own?
Singapore has spent close to $10 billion on education in 2013.
Build a Sing-kansen
(Image credit: gopixpic.com)
Late in the 19th century, Singapore’s main mode of transport to get around in by the rickshaw puller. There is no such thing as the MRT (or SBS, ERP, COE, PIE, etc). The fact that you can see modernised roads and expressways as well as MRT tracks and bus interchanges is due to the taxes you paid. Around $5 billion are spent on transport each year.
If you look at it a bit longer within the next 15 years, by 2030, the network will double and nearly 8 in 10 households will be within a 10-minute walk from an MRT station – so you just walk a short distance and you are there. – PM Lee Hsien Loong
And as Singapore gets more ambitious, besides cars and roads, we also want a Shinkansen (bullet train) of our own as you can see from the KL-Singapore High Speed Rail project which is estimated to cost RM40 billion.
Remembering Silk Road
(Image credit: worldportsource.com)
Singapore’s economy is largely dependant on trade. With no natural resources to boast about, we make use of our strategic location along key shipping routes and deepwater ports. Trade and commerce accounts for up to a quarter of our country’s GDP
Thus, it makes sense to invest the money in the area where we have advantage in. Mainly high-end manufacturing such as electronics, semi-conductors and machinery.
Assembling LEGO bricks
(Image credit: ST)
LEGO? Well, not literally. National Development forms part of the government expenditure and that’s also the reason you see more HDB flats, development of new malls and Garden by the Bay instead of kampong or shacks.
The Ministry of National Development (MND) aims to provide quality and affordable homes, good community bonding, development of green spaces and creation of identity marker through planning and management of land resources.
Act as Robin Hood
(Image credit: missedinhistory.com)
In Singapore, we use the progressive tax system where the rich get taxed more than the poor. It is viewed as a fair and equitable way since the rich spend lesser proportion of their income on necessities. If you earn higher income, you basically pay more tax. Income inequality is a social ill and leads to more crimes and social unrest.
For the lower and middle income group, there is a GST voucher given out every year since 2012 as a form of transfer payment. So for 800,000 HDB households, look forward to the GST vouchers that is coming your way this month in January 2015.
In conclusion
So everyone, a pat on your back for your contribution to Singapore throughout the years. Smile and pay your taxes due without any reproach for you have done your part in the betterment of the society. Tax is not that bad after all, isn’t it? Think positively.
With multiple sources of influence, such as that new Dior perfume advertisement on the television, or your friend’s #humblebrag about her newest bag on Instagram, it is certainly exceedingly easy to fall into the trap of compulsive shopping.
Or perhaps, you may find yourself overspending due to your tendency to hoard stuff that you take a fancy to.‘See that dress over there? Well, it’s the last in stock, so you’d better get it if you like it, or it’ll be gone when you actually do come back for it.’ And as this train of thought follows you into every boutique store that you enter – well, it is hardly surprising that you find your arms laden with shopping bags a mere three hours later.
Another reason why you might be finding your wallet losing it’s weight way faster than it ought to be, would be your tendencies to engage in retail therapy. Indeed, shopping may be a rather effective way of dissipating any negative thoughts, as the joy of purchasing items that you have been hankering for may be sufficient to negate these unpleasant feelings that have been building up inside of you. However, as you pull item after item off their rack in pursuit of such short term gratification, you might find yourself chalking up a debt on your credit card that would merely return to haunt you in the long run.
Our penchant to spend uncontrollably is further compounded by the fact that online shopping is bigger and better than ever, and it’s ability to influence consumers like you and I, has expanded to an unprecedented scale. With such frequent ‘Black Friday free shipping promotions’, ‘New Year’s sale’ or ‘20% off flash sales’ notifications constantly being sent to our very inboxes, it may certainly be difficult to resist the lure of online shopping. Before you know it, you have just carted out yet another 3 items. Uh-oh.
Soon, you’ll be finding yourself with a bank account that has been run dry, with a closet that is bursting at the seams yet comprises largely of unnecessary buys, and a despondent heart that aches for the credit card debts you’ve accumulated – an absolute financial nightmare realised to its full potential in the remarkable span of only a few months.
Fear not, all is not lost! Just because you have found yourself ensnared in the ways of compulsive shopping, does not necessarily mean that it is impossible to extract yourself from this painful situation of cyclical impulse and regret.
Here are 5 ways to reign in that shopping addiction of yours!
See, we all have two types of friends – the supportive friend and the enabler.
If you’re genuinely out to save money and cut costs, shopping with an enabler is just about one of the worst decisions you can make – you’ll most likely end up splurging again, if not more! The enabling friend will probably encourage any compulsive shopping behaviour, instead of dissuading you from buying into unnecessary wants. Certainly, this is not to say that enablers aren’t good friends in general. They’re most likely avid shoppers themselves, who may be addicted to shopping just like you are, and the both of you will merely suffice to mutually enable if you shop together.
Instead, shop with a supportive friend – a friend who doesn’t gush quite as much about clothes as you do, or perhaps a friend who is always practical and grounded. While a supportive friend may not be the most engaging shopping buddy (they probably won’t rave about the newest fall trends or the latest designer shoes along with you), you can always count on him or her to ground you when you’re getting over your head (and your budget) while shopping. The supportive friend knows that you have a hard time controlling your spending urges, and forces you to think about whether you really need that item, or whether it is within your range of affordability. Certainly, by shopping with a supportive friend who is genuinely concerned and bothered by your spending habits, you’ll find that you will be able to cut down significantly on your monthly shopping expenditure. In other words, there’s nothing quite like a killjoy friend to cut your shopping frenzy short, and pressure you into making wiser spending decisions.
On a sidenote, if you’re simply too stubborn to be talked out of a spending decision, have your friend hold on to your wallet for the rest of the day. A little desperate in measure, but I’d figure this would work best when it comes down to the crunch.
2. Unsubscribe from newsletters and email notifications
For massive online shoppers like myself, you’ll find that unsubscribing yourself from the frequent newsletters and notifications that flood your inbox on a weekly basis does wonders in helping you to spend less. With the rapid pace of the online shopping industry, in which new collections and fresh arrivals are churned out relentlessly each week – or even every three days, it is exceedingly easy to fall into their marketing trap and spend beyond your limits. While you may not feel the pinch of taking your pick of just one item from each new collection, just buying 1 item each week from a single webstore would equate to 4 new wardrobe additions each month. Imagine the full extent of such an online shopping obsession if you purchase 1-2 pickings from a spread of several webstores each week! An online shopping addiction can be a scary reality indeed.
To cut down on online shopping, start by unfollowing your favourite stores on Instagram, unliking their Facebook page, and removing yourself from any mailing lists or email subscriptions. By cutting yourself off from these sources of marketing and promotions, you are effectively cutting yourself off from the irrational impulse to buy, buy, buy as well! After all, the urge to splurge certainly will not surface, if you do not even know about that latest flash sale in the first place!
It may be a painful process to remove yourself from these channels, as this inevitably leads to an unpleasant foreboding that you will be missing out on a lot – but trust me, if you are genuine in restricting your spending, this method will prove duly effective (or so I have indeed learnt from personal experience).
If you have a tendency to overspend, perhaps it may be timely to use debit cards in place of your usual credit cards. Given that every purchase made using a credit card is first paid for by your bank, it is terrifyingly easy to lose track of your spending and splurge over your limits. The consequences of such overspending will only come back to haunt you after each month, as your credit card bills arrive, and your bank demands for repayment. Failure to repay any credit card bills in full could lead to an accumulation of credit card debt at an astounding interest rate, and could soon snowball into a massive debt if not managed properly.
To avoid such an unpleasant situation, switch to debit cards instead, where your spending is directly linked to a bank account and expenditure is much easier to track. Witnessing your depleting bank balance when you overspend could also serve as a wake up call for you to cut down on your shopping immediately, in comparison to credit cards where you may be more tempted to spend beyond your thresholds given that your shopping is paid on loan which makes it tough for you to visualise the toll that your spending is taking on your hard earned savings.
If you are aware of your compulsion to shop, and that you have poor financial responsibility, making the decision to switch to a debit card would certainly be wise in the long run. Sure, you may not be able to enjoy as much rewards and additional perks or discounts when using a debit card, as compared to a credit card, but hey on the brighter side, at least you can be pretty sure that you won’t find yourself debt-ridden anytime soon.
Your shopping addiction may have arisen due to the emotional dependence that you place on it. Perhaps you used to turn to retail therapy as a way to assuage your fears, worries or troubles, but you grew reliant on shopping as a way to relieve all your emotional woes over time. This eventually culminated in an obsession to impulse buy whenever your psyche takes a turn for the worse – a costly habit indeed.
Instead, opt for a more financially savvy method of lifting yourself from an emotional low. After all, shopping is just one of many other ways that can provide emotional healing. Why not spend some time exploring alternative hobbies that can provide you with the same sense of escapism and momentary uplift that shopping does for you? For instance, running, watching television, knitting or reading are all viable alternatives that you can employ to substitute your compulsive shopping therapy habits, as they provide a source of distraction, and they each have a calming effect on the mind as well.
Find your own alternative past-times – surely you’ll be able to find a leisure hobby that is more productive and less expensive than shopping, yet able to provide you with the same amount of therapeutic help.
5. Pay for all your shopping using cash – and only cash!
It may indeed be tempting to seek the convenient way out and simply use a credit or a debit card to pay for all your purchases, as the swift checking out process of merely a swipe and go of your card makes shopping all the more breezier. While this is appealing in concept, the reality is that it is so much easier to overspend and get ahead of yourself while shopping this way, as there is no visible form of monetary exchange, and it takes a longer time for the painful truth to set in that you have entirely blown the roof off your budget – yet again.
Instead, opt for payment by cash for all necessary transactions. Watching the cash deplete from your wallet is more likely to ground you, and force you to face the truth that you ought to slow down on your spending. Furthermore, by choosing to pay for your purchases strictly using cash, it makes it so much easier for you to budget, as you can decide on the exact amount that you’d like to spend on shopping and food for the day.
A little rudimentary, yes. But the feeling of accomplishment that you will get when you finally realise that you have managed to curb your shopping addiction, and that you’re finally able to chalk up a decent set of unspent savings for the first time in several months, will certainly be well worth this slight effort.
